Security and Health
Security Concerns
Military Action
The Chadian military IS active in this border area. Extreme caution is urged. Small arms fire between Chadian and Sudanese military outfits an ongoing danger. Air raids and large scale troop deployments are possible if political situations continue to worsen. You are advised to pay close attention to daily security updates, be aware of evacuation procedures. Military personnel are frequently identified by camouflage field uniforms.
Rebel Militias
Both sides of the border are currently infiltrated by roving rebel militia's. Rebel groups suspected of civilian murder are thought to be in the area. Extreme caution is urged. Avoid rebel groups when possible. Kidnappings of NGO personnel have increased. It is advised that relief workers be in communication with in country officials who may be offer to financial assistance in the event that a bribe or ransom is demanded for their release. Report all contacts with rebel soldiers.
Child Soldiers
In many areas children have been kidnapped and forced to join rebel militias. These children are armed and dangerous. Some groups will use children as porters and servants while others will arm them and place them into combat situations. Use extreme caution when child soldiers are sighted and report and contact immediately.
Land mines
Injury and mortality due to land mine usage is not just a concern for refugees and native populations, you and or the vehicle you are in could easily stumble across an unidentified land mine field. Land mine injuries often result in amputation if first aid is not administered immediately it is very likely that the victim could die from blood loss. For non medical professionals it is recommended that basic first aid techniques such as applying a tourniquet and improvised splint as well as fashioning a stretcher from field materials be learned in the event of an emergency.
Health Concerns
Vector advisories:
Major infectious diseases:
Degree of risk: very high
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
Vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
Water contact disease: schistosomiasis (all water to be considered UNSAFE unless purified or source of bottling is verified as safe.)
Respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
Note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2008)
Climate:
Currently rainy season, insect blooms such as flies and mesquitoes likely. Temperatures to fluctuate from warm days to near freezing nights. It is advised that full rain gear be carried at all times as well as insect repellent. Persons with severe reaction to insect bites advised to carry necessary medication at all times.